This volume provides a contemporary overview of new strategies for traditional medicine development. It emphasizes the importance of cataloging ethnomedical information, determining the active principles, and examining the genetic diversity and range of actions of traditional medicines. It discusses the challenges of using traditional medicines for diseases where access to modern medicine is limited, and the research areas needed to improve quality, safety, and efficacy for enhancing healthcare. Affirming the importance of traditional medicines as an essential and integral component of healthcare systems, it explores the vast opportunities for their evidence-based development.

New Strategies for Traditional Medicine, Geoffrey A. Cordell

Developing Better Herbal Medicines in the Post-genomic Era, Andrea Furtado Macedo and Luciana Furtado Macedo

Revitalization of the Knowledge of Herbs—A Way Forward to Discovery of New Drugs, D. Hardas, José Luis Ríos, and M. Rai

Ethnobotanical Uses of the Native Flora from Brazilian North-eastern Region, Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon, Diego Sotero de Barros Pinangé, Suzane Cavalcanti Chang, and Wilfried Morawetz

Diversity and Uses of the Genus Croton (Euphorbiaceae) in Northeastern Brazil, Marccus Alves, Maria de Fátima L. Araújo, Cássia L.S. Gusmão, Amaro de Castro Lira Neto, Reginaldo de Carvalho, and Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon

Ethnomedical Knowledge Among the Quilombolas from the Amazon Region of Brazil with a Special Focuson Plants Used as Nervous Tonics, Danilo Ribeiro de Oliveira, Gilda Guimarães Leitão, Newton Gonçalves Castro, Mariana Neves Vieira,and Suzana Guimarães Leitão

Advances in the Knowledge of Medicinal Plants in Eastern Andalusia, Spain, G. Benítez, M.R. González-Tejero, and J. Molero-Mesa

Tropical Propolis: Recent Advances in Chemical Components and Botanical Origin, Osmany Cuesta-Rubio Anna Lisa Piccinelli, and Luca Rastrelli

Anti-Malarial Plants Used in Folk Medicine in Bangladesh, M. Rahmatullah, T. Rahman, and R. Jahan

Usnea sulcata Motyka: An Ethnomycological Review of its Use in Traditional Medicine, Mariela A. Marinoff, and José L. Martínez

Sirukurinjan—An Ancient Remedy for a Modern Incurable Disease, Diabetes, S. Raguapthy, M.K. Choudhury, C.B.Nirmala, T. Sampath, and S.G. Newmaster

Herbal Drugs Used for Domestic Animals, Lorella Severino and Letizia Ambrosio

Endophytes from Medicinal Plants as Novel Sources of Bioactive Compounds, B. Zaferanloo, Peter J. Mahon, and Enzo A. Palombo

Advances in Medicinal Plants with Antitumoral Activity, María Pilar Gómez-Serranillos Cuadrado, María Teresa Ortega Hernández-Agero, Olga María Palomino Ruiz-Poveda and María Emilia Carretero Accame

Medicinal Plants: How are they Used to Treat Neurological Diseases?, Fabiola Domínguez, Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro, Ma. Eva González-Trujano, Adrián Martínez-Cervantes, Hermelinda Salgado-Ceballos, Sergio Torres-Castillo, and Sandra Orozco-Suárez

Inflammatory Diseases: Mechanisms and Natural Remedies, Rabih S. Talhouk, Ralph Salloum, and Fadia R. Homaidan

Recent Advances to Evaluate Anti-diabetic Medicinal Plants, M.M. Fawzi

Botanical Origin and Biological Activity of Propolis, Ramón Enrique Robles-Zepeda, Javier Hernández Martínez, Adriana Garibay Escobar, Dora Edith Valencia Rivera, and Carlos Arturo Velázquez Contreras

Bioactivity of Plant Essential Oils, Talal A. Zari

Antibacterial and Antiviral Effects of Aromatic Plant-derived Essential Oils—A Scientific and Medicinal Approach, Jürgen Reichling

Strategies of Solvent System Selection for The Isolation of Natural Products by Countercurrent Chromatography, Gilda Guimarães Leitão, Fernanda das Neves Costa, and Fabiana de Souza Figueiredo